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;A photodiode is a semiconductor receiver of optical radiation, which converts light that falls on its photosensitive area into an electric charge due to processes in the p-n-junction.
A photodiode, the work of which is based on the photovoltaic effect (separation of electrons and holes in the p- and n-region, due to which the charge and EMF are formed), is called a solar cell. In addition to p-n photodiodes, there are p-i-n photodiodes, in which a layer of undoped semiconductor i is located between the p and n layers. p-n- and p-i-n-photodiodes only convert light into electric current, but do not amplify it, unlike avalanche photodiodes and phototransistors.
