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;A microphone is an electro-acoustic device that converts acoustic vibrations into an electrical signal.
The principle of operation of the microphone is that the pressure of sound vibrations of air, water or solid matter acts on the thin membrane of the microphone. In turn, vibrations of the membrane excite electrical vibrations; depending on the type of microphone, the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, a change in the capacitance of capacitors or the piezoelectric effect are used for this.
The principle of operation of the microphone is that the pressure of sound vibrations of air, water or solid matter acts on the thin membrane of the microphone. In turn, vibrations of the membrane excite electrical vibrations; depending on the type of microphone, the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, a change in the capacitance of capacitors or the piezoelectric effect are used for this.
Types of microphones according to the principle of operation:
- Dynamic microphone:
- Reel microphone
- Ribbon microphone
- Electrostatic microphone
- Condenser microphone
- Neumann's microphone
- Carbon microphone
- Piezomicrophone
- Tube microphone
- Optoacoustic microphone
