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ESP8266 miniature WiFi modules are quite attractive for smart home and home automation systems. The thing is that ESP8266 boards are not just modules for WiFi communication. The chip is essentially a microcontroller with its own SPI, UART, and GPIO ports, which means that the module can be used autonomously without Arduino and other boards with microcontrollers.

The module is equipped with a 32-bit Tensilica L106 microcontroller with ultra-low power consumption, clocked at 80 MHz and supporting 160 MHz. The microcontroller does not have on-chip user non-volatile memory. The program is executed from the external SPI Flash ROM by dynamically loading the required program sections into the instruction cache. Loading is done in hardware, transparent to the programmer. Supports up to 16 MB of external program memory. Depending on the version of the module, the size of the ROM may change. The manufacturer in the documents does not indicate the exact amount of RAM on the die, but only an approximate estimate of the amount of RAM that will remain for the user after linking the API libraries - about 50 kB.

A UART-COM or UART-USB adapter is sufficient for programming. Previously, they had to be programmed using the Lua language, which created a barrier to mass use. Now it is possible to embed the ESP8266 board in the Arduino IDE and write programs in the C-like language of this programming environment, as if you connected the arduino board ( Details ). Most of the standard features have been ported and work fine. Some external libraries for arduino may not work.

On the basis of this module, you can find a large number of projects for creating and managing a "smart home". After all, it is very easy to turn a module into a web server with the ability to control external devices via GPIO pins, and control it from a computer, laptop, smartphone. It is worth mentioning that there are special app editors for Android and iOS, with the help of which it is easy to design an attractive interface for management and link it with our module.

Main characteristics:

• Supply voltage 3.0..3.6 V. Recommended 3.3 V.
• Current consumption: up to 215mA depending on the operating mode.
• Equipped with Tensilica L106 32-bit, ultra-low power, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, downloadable OSRV.
• Built-in 10-bit ADC
• Built-in TCP/IP protocol stack
• Assembled with frequency synthesizer, voltage regulator and power management components, in 802.11b mode the output power will be +25 dBm
• Internal PCB antenna.
• A-MPDU, A-MSDU aggregation guard interval is about 0.4 s.
• WiFi @ 2.4 GHz, supports WPA/WPA2 security modes
• Supports remote updates and updates via AT OTA cloud
• Operating modes: Client (STA), Access Point (AP) , Client+Access Point (STA+AP).
• Supports Smart Config function (including Android and iOS devices)
• HSPI, UART, I2C, I2S, IR remote control, PWM , GPIO
• In deep sleep mode, consumption is 10 uA, in shutdown mode - less than 5 uA
• Within 2 ms, wakes up, connects and sends a data packet.
• Standby current consumption is less than 1.0 mW (DTIM3)
• Operating temperature range: -40 ℃ - 125 ℃

Pinout:

Wiring diagram: