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Capacitive relay - a device that reacts to a change in the capacitance of the sensor when a person, metal objects, liquid approaches. The device contains a small number of components for assembly and adjustment and has only one adjusting element. However, despite the ease of assembly, it is not suitable for beginners and young radio amateurs, as it does not have galvanic isolation from the network. As a sensor, a piece of foil textolite (attached in the kit), or a metal plate, or a metal mesh (has maximum sensitivity, with possible maximum dimensions) is connected to the assembled board through a piece of wire. The scope of the capacitive relay is automation: lighting control, liquid level control, object protection. An example of industrial use is in household electric hand dryers. As a rule, it is on the principle of a capacitive relay that they are remotely switched on when
the movement of a person’s hands in the area of the device’s sensor.
Technical characteristics:
Supply voltage - 220 V
Power consumption - no more than 10 W
Switching power - up to 100 W (with heat sink up to 500 W)
Schematic diagram
Layout of elements
General description
The capacitive relay is assembled on a specialized chip KS1025KP2. This microcircuit has a complete set of necessary components: a sine wave generator, sine wave detectors, a reference voltage source, a differential amplifier, a voltage stabilizer, a threshold circuit, a protection circuit, a triac control circuit.
frequency and amplitude of the generator, the frequency-setting element of which is the circuit L1-C2-C1-sensor. When a person approaches, the capacitance of the sensor changes, as a result, the natural frequency of the oscillatory circuit drops. A change in the frequency of the generator registers the detector of sinusoidal oscillations, which gives the command to turn on the triac. A transformerless power supply is assembled on diodes VD1, VD2, capacitor C8 and resistor R4, which allows you to power a capacitive relay from a 220V network.
After mounting the device in the housing, as well as after changing the dimensions of the sensor, it is necessary to adjust the coil L1 for the desired sensitivity of the circuit operation. In some cases, it may be necessary to select capacitor C2. It is desirable to make the adjustment with a small capacity of C6-10 microfarads. The capacitance of the capacitor C6 affects the opening and closing time of the triac VS1. The sensor is a rectangular plate of foil fiberglass. The sensor can be installed in any place convenient for a person, as well as under any insulating material (plastic, wood, drywall) with a thickness of no more than 10-12 mm, which allows you to hide the sensor and not violate the integrity of the interior. When installing the sensor outdoors, please note that changes in humidity can lead to false alarms of the device.
Notes:
The maximum length of the wire leading to the sensor should not exceed 50 cm. be triggered by any impact that changes the capacitance of the sensor (metal objects, some liquids, a person, an animal, a change in air humidity. To a lesser extent, dielectric materials).
WARNING! The device is not galvanically isolated from the mains! It is forbidden to touch the elements and metal foil of the sensor of the switched on circuit!
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The data presented in the product description are for reference only and may differ from those indicated by the manufacturer.
To carry out technical calculations and obtain the exact parameters of the goods, use the datasheets from the manufacturer's website.
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K-104
The data presented in the product description are for reference only and may differ from those indicated by the manufacturer.
